The prototype named Tommy was completed in 1941, followed by 57 units built in the early 1950s. Tommy was oiginally classified by the LNER as Class EM1.
Designed by Sir Nigel Gresley, they were 1.5 kV DC electric Bo-Bo type mixed-traffic locomotives built specifically to operate on the steeply graded Woodhead Line connecting Manchester and Sheffield via the Woodhead Tunnel. They hauled heavy coal and industrial freight trains over the Pennines until the entire class was withdrawn when the trans-Pennine section of the route closed in July 1981.

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